US used mobile launchers for missiles at Qatar base as Iran tensions rose, satellite pictures show
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A combination of satellite images shows before and after Patriot air defence systems were placed at al-Udeid Air Base in Qatar, comparing Jan 17 and Feb 1.
PHOTOS: PLANET LABS PBC VIA REUTERS
- US forces at al-Udeid, Qatar, mobilised Patriot missiles on trucks in early February. This increases rapid deployment capability amidst rising Iran tensions, observed via satellite imagery.
- Satellite analysis shows a significant build-up of US aircraft and military equipment across Middle East bases since January, reflecting escalating tensions.
- US-Iran tensions escalated after January, with US threats to bomb Iran. Iran's Revolutionary Guards warned of retaliation against any US base in the region.
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WASHINGTON - US forces in Qatar’s al-Udeid, the biggest US base in the Middle East, put missiles into truck launchers as tensions with Iran ratcheted up since January, analysis of satellite images showed, meaning they could be moved more quickly.
The decision to keep the Patriot missiles in mobile trucks rather than semi-static launcher stations - meaning they could rapidly deploy to strike or be moved defensively in case of an Iranian attack - shows how risks heightened as frictions grew.
US President Donald Trump has threatened to bomb Iran over its nuclear and ballistic missile programmes, its backing for allied groups in the Middle East and crushing of internal dissent, though talks to avert a war continue.
There are also US bases in Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, Turkey and on Diego Garcia in the Indian Ocean.
Iran’s Revolutionary Guards have warned that in case of strikes on Iranian territory, they could retaliate against any US base.
A comparison of satellite photographs in early February with those taken in January shows a recent build-up of aircraft and other military equipment across the region, said Mr William Goodhind, a forensic imagery analyst with Contested Ground.
At al-Udeid, the Patriot missiles were visible parked mounted into M983 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Trucks (HEMTT) at the start of February, Mr Goodhind said.
“The decision to do so gives the Patriots much greater mobility, meaning they can be moved to an alternative site or repositioned with greater speed,” he said.
It was not clear on Feb 10 whether the missiles were still in the HEMTTs.
A combination of satellite images shows an increase in the number of aircraft at al-Udeid Air Base in Qatar, comparing Jan 17 and Feb 1.
PHOTOS: PLANET LABS PBC VIA REUTERS
A spokesperson for the Pentagon was not immediately available for comment.
Iran says it has replenished its missile stocks after two weeks of conflict in summer 2025 when Israel bombed its nuclear facilities and some other military targets, a campaign that the United States joined
Iran has underground missile complexes near Tehran, as well as at Kermanshah, Semnan and near the Gulf coast.
The Iranian naval drone carrier IRIS Shahid Bagheri was visible in satellite photographs on Jan 27 at sea some 5km from Bandar Abbas.
It was also visible near Bandar Abbas on Feb 10.
A satellite image showing the Shahid Bagheri off the coast of Bandar Abbas, Iran, on Feb 1.
PHOTO: PLANET LABS PBC VIA REUTERS
Here are changes at US Middle East bases observed in satellite pictures:
Al-Udeid, Qatar
Images from Feb 1 showed an RC-135 reconnaissance aircraft, three C-130 Hercules aircraft, 18 KC 135 Stratotankers and seven C-17s. On Jan 17, there had been 14 Stratotankers and two C-17s.
Up to 10 MIM-104 Patriot air defence systems were parked in HEMTTs.
Muwaffaq, Jordan
F-15E, A-10 Thunderbolt and C-130 Hercules aircraft at Muwaffaq Salti Air Base in Jordan, on Feb 2.
PHOTOS: PLANET LABS PBC VIA REUTERS
Images from Feb 2 of one location in Muwaffaq showed 17 F15-E strike aircraft, 8 A-10 Thunderbolt aircraft, four C-130s and four unidentified helicopters. Images from Jan 16 were low resolution and it was not possible to identify all aircraft there.
Feb 2 images of a second location in Muwaffaq showed a C-17 and a C-130, as well as four EA-18G Growler electronic warfare aircraft. Pictures of that location on Jan 25 had not shown any aircraft.
Other bases:
At Prince Sultan base in Saudi Arabia, images on Feb 2 showed a C-5 Galaxy and a C-17 aircraft. Images on Dec 6 showed five aircraft that appeared to be C-130s.
Satellite images from Feb 6 showed seven more aircraft than had been observed on Jan 31 at Diego Garcia in the Indian Ocean.
Images taken on Jan 25 and Feb 10 showed an increase in aircraft at Dukhan base in Oman. REUTERS
